翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Evolution of emotion ・ Evolution of eusociality ・ Evolution of fish ・ Evolution of flagella ・ Evolution of fungi ・ Evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes ・ Evolution of human colour vision ・ Evolution of human intelligence ・ Evolution of Infectious Disease ・ Evolution of influenza ・ Evolution of insects ・ Evolution of lemurs ・ Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles ・ Evolution of mammals ・ Evolution of Management Systems ・ Evolution of metal ions in biological systems ・ Evolution of microeconomics ・ Evolution of molluscs ・ Evolution of morality ・ Evolution of motorway construction in European nations ・ Evolution of motorway construction in European Union member states ・ Evolution of nervous systems ・ Evolution of olfaction ・ Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan ・ Evolution of photosynthesis ・ Evolution of primates ・ Evolution of Quartz C-axis Pole Figures during Dynamic Recrystallization ・ Evolution of reptiles ・ Evolution of schizophrenia ・ Evolution of sexual reproduction Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Evolution of metal ions in biological systems ： ウィキペディア英語版 Evolution of metal ions in biological systems Evolution of Metal Ions in Biological Systems refers to the incorporation of metallic ions into living organisms and how it has changed over time. Metal ions have been associated with biological systems for billions of years, but only in the last century have scientists began to truly appreciate the scale of their influence. Major (iron, manganese, magnesium and zinc) and minor (copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten) metal ions have symbiotically aligned with living organisms and the associated complexes have evolved over time. ==Origins== The Great Oxygenation Event occurred approximately 2.4 Ga (billion years ago) as cyanobacteria induced the presence of dioxygen in earth’s atmosphere. Biological oxidation leading to oxidative stress and cell damage in animals represents one of these types of reactions which are responsible for many animal diseases. Incorporation of metals perhaps combated this. The central chemistry of all these cells has to be reductive in order that the synthesis of the required chemicals, especially biopolymers, is possible. The different anaerobic, autocatalysed, reductive, metabolic pathways seen in the earliest cells we know about developed in separate energised vesicles, protocells, where they were produced cooperatively with certain bases of the nucleic acids.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Evolution of metal ions in biological systems」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.